ANZCTR search results

Infants with a family history of Autism Spectrum Disorder are at an increased risk of developing this disorder themselves. The provision of an early Acceptance and Commitment (ACT)-based therapy intervention aims to improve clinical outcomes for these infants by enriching parent-infant interactions, assisting with infant sleep, crying and fuss behaviours and supporting parental mental health. A randomised controlled trial will evaluate whether this intervention for parents of infants at risk of Autism Spectrum Disorder is effective, comparing this intervention with usual care. We expect that this intervention will improve the emotional availability of the parent-infant interaction, parental mental health as well as infant developmental outcomes.

Poor mental health has been identified as key factor in multiple risk behaviours that contribute to premature mortality and disability. Reducing liability to mental illness at the population level (e.g., universally), appears to be crucial to disrupting trajectories to mental disorder and related harms. For successful prevention, however, interventions need to be implemented early enough to effect real change. Yet, the majority of ‘early’ universal prevention research occurs in adolescence, in secondary schools, when mental illness is already rapidly increasing. As it is strongly empirically supported that mental illness has origins in childhood, intervening in early-to-mid childhood is likely to achieve significant preventative gains. Despite this, comparatively little evidence-based prevention occurs in this developmental period. We propose a small feasibility study to trial a universal prevention program in a mid-childhood cohort (the ‘Good Behaviour Game’ [GBG]). This program has been extensively evaluated, and been shown to significantly reduce conduct disorder, ASPD, anxiety and depression, drug and alcohol dependence, and suicide attempt, with effects sustained into early adulthood. Given its expected benefits, it is important to test whether the GBG can be delivered as intended in an Australian setting, and whether it is acceptable to schools. Such work will provide empirical justification for the next iteration, i.e., a full-scale trial. This trial focuses on establishing acceptability and feasibility of the program in Australian primary schools, and providing preliminary evidence for efficacy of the program in reducing emotional and behavioural problems.

Acute kidney injury is an increasingly common complication of acute illness in hospitalised patients. In the future, it can lead to chronic kidney disease, end-stage kidney disease, and death. The aim of this study is to investigate whether specialised nephrology follow-up after acute kidney injury is feasible and whether it is effective and reducing the long-term complications of this disease. The specialised nephrology follow-up includes a bundle of care aimed at addressing risk factor for chronic kidney disease and cardiovascular disease.

This study is examining the acceptability of different ways to manage and treat cervical abnormalities diagnosed through the Australian National Cervical Screening Program. Who is it for? You may be eligible for this study if you are aged 25 to 40 years old and are eligible for cervical screening. Study details Participants in this study will complete an online scenario based on a hypothetical doctor visit and cervical screening results. There are four clinical scenarios, and participants will complete one. The scenario will be assigned by chance. The entire exercise takes approximately 20 minutes, and participants will complete a number of questionnaires in the course of the activity. It is hoped this research will inform the development of resources to assist women who are diagnosed with cervical abnormalities to make informed choices with regards to their treatment and management.

Different types of fibre support gut health in different ways. For example, in the large intestine, certain types of fibre are easily broken down by the gut bacteria (through a process called fermentation). Fermentation offers a number of benefits to gut health, but can lead to symptoms in people living with IBS. We have identified several novel types of dietary fibre possessing fermentation characteristics that may be both favourable for gut health and suitable for people living with IBS. The aims of this study are to evaluate the acceptability and tolerability these fibres, the manner that they affect and gut function and whether they are suitable for people living with IBS. To answer these questions, we are asking for both healthy volunteers and those currently living with IBS to participate in a dietary intervention study. This study will involve consuming these novel fibres as part of a regular diet. We aim to recruit a total of 10 participants (5 healthy volunteers; 5 living with IBS). This study will help us better understand how these novel fibres, paving the way for further, clinical trials involving these novel fibres to better understand their potential role in our diets. This study has been initiated by Associate Professor Jane Muir, Head of Translational Nutrition Sciences at the Department of Gastroenterology and will be conducted by Mr. Daniel So as part of his PhD studies.

CodaVax-H1N1, the study drug being researched in this project, is an experimental vaccine being developed by Codagenix, Inc. This means that it is not an approved treatment in Australia, and is not yet approved anywhere else in the world. CodaVax-H1N1 is a vaccine that is intended to prevent influenza. The primary objective of this study is to determine the safety and tolerability of CodaVax-H1N1 influenza vaccine compared to placebo control when administered to healthy adults.

Current recommendations by the Australian and New Zealand College of Anaesthetists professional standards are that quantitative neuromuscular transmission (NMT) monitoring be used in every case of neuromuscular blockade to ensure that the reversal of muscle relaxants is adequate. However, international surveys have demonstrated that as few as 18% of anaesthetists use quantitative neuromuscular transmission (NMT) monitoring routinely. Common (38-64%) and potentially serious complication of general anaesthesia, including respiratory failure, airway collapse, aspiration of gastric contents. Electromyography (EMG) has emerged as the clinical gold standard for NMT monitoring. In particular, Tetragraph is a novel EMG-based monitor that has advantages over older monitors including availability as a stand-alone unit without the need for expensive and specially designed monitors. However, the differences in its electrode design and in-built method for waveform analysis can affect its relative performance to older monitors. Given its recent development, data regarding its relative precision and bias in different muscles of the hand are also lacking. Therefore the hypotheses is that the first dorsal interosseous (FDI) will be more precise and accurate in comparison to the other muscles of the hand and foot and that the Tetragraph, using the train of four ratio (TOF) stimulation of the ulnar nerve under general anaesthesia, will be more precise and accurate compared to the NMT Electrosensor, during spontaneous recovery from non-depolarizing neuromuscular blockade.

This is a randomised, doubleblind, placebo controlled, multicenter study to be conducted across Australia, with an expected study duration of 8 weeks to determine the safety and efficacy of metronidazole ointment. Primary Objective • To determine whether treatment with metronidazole ointment increases healing in subjects presenting with non healing pilonidal disease. Method Patients with non healing pilonoidal sinus wounds will be randomised to one of two treatments or placebo. The wound healing will be measured using percentage improvement in wound size(rate of healing), "PUSH" score and time to healing recorded. Hypothesis Metronidazole ointment increases healing in subjects presenting with non healing pilonidal disease when compared to placebo. The research is a medical / clinical research project which studies the efficacy and safety metronidazole ointment in facilitating resolution of non healing pilonidal sinus.The study design is double blind placebo controlled, randomised control trial.

The aim of this study is to understand the impact of classroom-based active breaks on sitting time, cognitive functioning, brain activity and on-task behaviour in children with neurodevelopmental disorder.

The aim of this study is to understand the impact of cognitively challenging classroom-based active breaks on sitting time, cognitive functioning, brain activity and on-task behaviour in children with typical development.