ANZCTR search results

Rationale: Elevated pressure in the pain pumping chamber of the heart following major heart attack can result in increased mortality and heart failure. However, to date this elevated pressure has not been used as a risk stratification tool following major heart attcak, and there have been no clinical trials directly aimed at its reduction. The aim of this study is to extend upon our phase 1 study and perform a phase 2 study of isosorbide mononitrate (ISMN) and frusemide administered to the subset of patients with raised pressure in the main pumping chamber of the heart and to see if it results in the clinical benefit. Overall Design: Randomized controlled trial. Number of Participants: Approximately 150 participants will be screened to achieve 92 participants randomly assigned to the intervention or the control arm (46 in each arm). Intervention Groups and Duration: Intervention arm: 46 patients, followed up for 12 months. Control arm: 46 patients, followed up for 12 months. Possible benefits: Participation in this study may or may not have any direct benefit for the enrolled patients, but it will help us in better understanding of the pressure changes within the heart in the setting of major heart attack and its effects on heart failure and mortality. It will also help us in designing our future research studies.

This research project aims to evaluate whether the microbial ecology of dental plaque biofilms can be altered by toothpastes containing Casein Phosphopetide-Amorphous Calcium Phosphate (CPP-ACP). Two CPP-ACP toothpastes will be assessed in this study: (1) a CPP-ACP toothpaste (commercial name MI Paste® ONE) containing 1100 ppm fluoride; and (2) an 'All-in-one' CPP-ACP toothpaste that contains natural organic cranberry extracts in addition to the CPP-ACP and 1100 ppm fluoride. A double-blinded clinical trial will be used to compare the two CPP-ACP toothpastes with each other and with a active control toothpaste containing the standard 1100 ppm fluoride, but no CPP-ACP or cranberry extract. Oral plaque swab samples will be collected at baseline and at end of four week trial period from study participants. The plaque samples will undergo microbial analysis to evaluate whether there any changes in the numbers of disease-causing or health-associated oral microflora, before and after using the trial toothpastes.

Emerging evidence of preclinical studies suggests that bitter substances in the gut can reduce appetite and slow the emptying of meals from the stomach, by stimulating GI hormone release. The purpose of this study is to determine whether stimulation of intestinal bitter taste receptors (BTRs) by non-caloric BTR agonists induces GI hormone secretion in humans and, if so, whether probenecid acts as an effective BTR antagonist. In this trial, we wish to investigate whether rectal infusion of a BTR agonist, denatonium benzoate (DB), stimulates the secretion of glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and peptide YY (PYY) and antagonism of BTR signalling by probenecid attenuates the GLP-1 and PYY responses induced by rectal administration of bitter tastants (i.e. DB and taurocholic acid (TCA, which is known to stimulate GLP-1 and PYY secretion humans and therefore will serve as a positive control).

The purpose of this study is to compare two types of infant formula fed to late-preterm babies; ‘routine formula’ and ‘nutrient enriched formula’. The outcomes of the formula fed late-preterm infants will also be compared to a group of term breastfed infants.

The aim of the study is to investigate the effects of an intensive home practice program of Expiratory Muscle Strength Training (EMST) versus the Effortful Swallow, a traditional dysphagia rehabilitation exercise, in a population of people with dysphagia secondary to Parkinson's disease (PD). The aims of this research are: 1. Does completion of an intensive home practice program using EMST or traditional dysphagia therapy improve swallow function in individuals with Parkinson's disease in the community setting? 2. Does EMST and traditional dysphagia rehabilitation change the force generation of the sub mental muscle group involved in swallowing for people with PD and dysphagia? 3. Are EMST and traditional dysphagia rehabilitation exercises practical swallowing intervention options in the community setting for clients with Parkinson’s disease? 4. Does participating in a rehabilitation program for dysphagia due to Parkinson’s disease improve quality of life?

To test the hypothesis that addition of nitric oxide, a gas with anti-inflammatory properties, to the CPB circuit could improve post-operative outcome for children with transposition of the great arteries undergoing the arterial switch operation.

Women in high risk labour have their babies monitored by electronic fetal monitoring. This detects unborn babies not coping during labour, but may lead to unnecessary caesarean sections by incorrectly indicating that the baby is at risk. We will compare CTG to STan monitoring, which may give fewer false readings. We will show if STan reduces emergency caesarean section, and will investigate the impact on the baby, assess psychological aspects such as mental health and wellbeing, and costs.

This pilot study will randomise young people admitted to Banksia ward following a suicide attempt or self-harm to either standard care or structured care. Comparisons will be made in terms of attendance and engagement with community mental health services, parental protective factors in supporting the young person in crisis, self-rated suicide resilience, satisfaction with inpatient services, and readmission rates within 1 and 3 months. Measures will be taken at baseline, discharge from Banksia ward, and 1 and 3 months follow-up. Between-group differences will be analysed using chi square, analysis of variance (ANOVA) and t tests.

We believe that AVAPS mode of ventilation is tolerated better by patients than standard therapy. We aim to demonstrate that AVAPS is not inferior to standard pressure support ventilation when looking at clinical outcomes.

This project looks to provide additional physiotherapy sessions to older adults aged 65 and over who are recovering from a broken hip. Extra physiotherapy sessions will be offered during their hospital stay. Participants will be encouraged to undertaken a series of seated or standing exercises plus walking, depending on their ability. The safety and practicality of providing physiotherapy three times per day will be measured. Acceptability of the program will be examined by interviewing participants and their families, as well as therapists.