ANZCTR search results

This study aims to evaluate the acceptability of a self-guided online parenting program for parents of adolescents who refuse school in the context of clinical-level anxiety or depression. The program aims to increase parental self-efficacy to support their teenage child by providing personalised feedback about their current parenting and equipping them with evidence-based parenting strategies to respond to school refusal, anxiety and depression. The intervention is delivered online and comprised of up to 13 parent-led, online modules covering different topics related to parenting an adolescent with depression, anxiety, and/or school refusal. In this study we aim to understand how acceptable the program was to parents, and how the acceptability of the program could be enhanced. We also aim to gather preliminary indications of how effective the program was in improving 1) parental self-efficacy to respond to school refusal, 2) parenting behaviours to reduce teen anxiety and/or depression, and 3) teen school attendance. Due to the exploratory and mixed-methods nature of the study, no hypotheses have been specified.

RAPSODI-AUS aims to find the best type of joint replacement for the treatment of painful OA of the shoulder by investigating if reverse Total Shoulder Replacement is better than anatomical Total Shoulder Replacement at improving shoulder pain and function. This is a sister trial with the United Kingdom - RAPSODI-UK - following similar protocols. The study will recruit a total of 430 participants across all participating sites and surgeons in Australia, 215 patients will be randomised to each surgery type. At the end of the study we aim to provide clinical evidence to assist surgeons and their patients to choose the most appropriate replacement procedure to treat their Painful Osteoarthritis of the Shoulder.

Recreational exercisers often participate in weight training to increase their strength and muscle size. Cow’s milk has been suggested as a suitable recovery drink following weight training due to its high protein and carbohydrate composition which can help build muscle strength. Although, cow’s milk may not be appropriate for many as it contains lactose, a sugar many individuals are intolerant or allergic to. Plant-based milks such as soy milk might provide an alternative recovery drink. Soy foods are associated with many health benefits, but some athletes participating in weight training believe soy to be disadvantageous for building muscle as soy milk contains phytoestrogens. Phytoestrogens are naturally occurring components of many plant foods and are especially concentrated in soy. The concern arises as estrogen can influence muscle adaptions and body composition and some resistance athletes worry the phytoestrogen found in soy could similarly inhibit muscle adaptions. Whilst the phytoestrogens found in soy have a similar structure to human estrogen, their effects appear to be substantially weaker. On the other hand, the estrogen concentrations in cow’s milk is considerable. Limited research has compared the influence of soy milk and cow’s milk on reproductive hormones, particularly after resistance exercise which is the aim of this study.

1. AIM OF STUDY / RESEARCH QUESTIONS • To determine the proportion of patients that participate in a virtual ED consultation who are able to be safely diverted from needing to be physically transported to attend the Emergency Department, and • To compare the characteristics of patients for whom a virtual ED consult resulted in not physically attending an ED with patients who, following a virtual ED consult, physically attended an ED. STUDY DESIGN : Retrospective and Prospective cohort study. From the date of Ethics approval, data will be collected prospectively until the 27/01/2023. Data from patients who have been seen in the Virtual ED between the 27/01/2022 and the date of Ethics approval will have the same data retrospectively collected. 2. ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA Inclusion criteria: • Patient referred to Virtual ED by Ambulance Victoria Exclusion criteria: • Nil 3. STUDY OUTCOMES Primary Outcomes • Proportion of virtual ED consults that were able to be diverted from requiring ambulance transport to The Emergency Department for in-person ED attendance. Secondary Outcomes • Secondary outcomes include: duration of time taken for virtual ED consult, COVID-19 status of virtual ED patient attendances, ED disposition destination for patients who physically attended the ED.

Computer use has been shown to induce dry eye and damage the surface of the eye. Consequently, computer use may also affect the sensitivity of the eye surface and its effects may differ between symptomatic and asymptomatic individuals. The present project will evaluate the mechanical and thermal sensitivity of the eye surface before and after 1 hour computer use in asymptomatic healthy individuals and individuals with symptoms of digital eye strain and dry eye, using for the purpose a recently developed instrument called the Liquid Jet aesthesiometer (LJA). The LJA uses small drops of sterile saline to stimulate the eye's surface. Participants will be given a buzzer to press to indicate when a sensation is felt. This study will help to better understand the underlying mechanism behind the effects of digital display use on the eye surface.

The hypothesis for this study is to show that the twice-daily application of a barrier wipe can reduce the incidence of pressure injuries. Studies highlight that pressure injuries (PI) are a healthcare quality indicator and that healthcare workers need to expand their knowledge to adequately manage these wounds using the latest evidence-based information. A focus on prophylactic dressings applied to patients’ skin to prevent PIs has gained some traction in recent years to avoiding PIs however it is often referred to as an adjunct therapy with more studies to prevent PIs needing to be done. Based on the above a new way to prevent pressure injuries needs to be studies. The hypothesis for this study is to show that the twice-daily application of a barrier wipe can reduce the incidence of pressure injuries.

Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) is a common and debilitating condition with high rates of treatment resistance. Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (rTMS) is an established treatment for TRD with few adverse effects. Intermittent theta burst stimulation (iTBS) is a novel and time-efficient form of rTMS with evidence base in the treatment of treatment-resistant depression. The drug D-cycloserine (DCS) is a has demonstrable impact on rTMS and iTBS’s neuromodulatory effects. This study protocol proposes the conduct of a prospective multi-site, parallel-arm design, randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled clinical trial to investigate DCS augmentation of iTBS in MDD. We will investigate if adjuvant DCS 50mg or 100mg/day might have superior iTBS antidepressant effects. We hypothesise that iTBS administered 2-hours after ingestion of DCS 50mg or 100mg will be more effective in treating depressive symptoms compared with iTBS administered 2-hour after ingestion of placebo.

Over the first three years of the Voluntary Assisted Dying (VAD) legislation, patients, families and clinicians have experienced significant challenges as they seek information, access and a better understanding of the ethical, legal and clinical implications of VAD. Several anecdotal accounts have been shared across services, but no systematic effort has been undertaken to study the in-depth impact of this legislation. We propose applying several lenses which include a clinical, ethical, psycho-existential focus on: patients, caregivers, health practitioners, and services-as-a-whole. We have assembled an experienced team of palliative and psychosocial care providers, ethicists and service leaders to undertake this review. The setting examines the unique interaction where the legal directive of VAD does not clearly align with the ethical and clinical principles of health care delivery in end of life care and palliative care. By sustaining our focus on the quality-of-care provision to patients and families, this research is not driven by polemics. Instead, its focus is on clinical outcomes that embrace both patients and families and care providers and enables an in-depth analysis of this new model of care to be undertaken. The goal is directed towards optimising palliative care, not the delivery of VAD. The potential for moral distress, impact on care provision and unwelcome bereavement outcomes make this focus of study worthwhile and necessary to sustain the model of palliative care delivery. A mixed-methods approach will be employed using qualitative and quantitative methodology and case reviews. We will retrospectively assess socio-demographic, medical and health utilisation data from the medical records of patients (n=120) who have expressed an interest in or pursued VAD, specifically identifying pertinent clinical issues and the utilisation of palliative care services. A qualitative descriptive approach will be used to analyse interviews (n=120) undertaken with clinicians and family caregivers about their experiences of the VAD process, involvement of palliative care and bereavement support. In addition to thematic analysis, the researchers will use these data to construct anonymised case studies that illustrate or exemplify ethical issues or challenges. These will be shared with expert bioethics collaborators who will comment on the issues themselves and on the potential usefulness of case studies, perhaps modified, for the purposes of medical education. Ultimately this information will be valuable to inform policy, future legislation, education and support for our community around end of life care and palliative care provision.

Upper limb injuries including bony fractures/dislocations, are sometimes deformed and require realignment in the emergency department (ED). Numerous techniques are available to allow this procedure to be painless. Bier block (BB) involves placing a band on the upper part of the affected arm to constrict blood flow, with injection of numbing agent into a hand vein on the same side to make the entire arm numb. An alternative technique is ultrasound guided supraclavicular blocks (UGSCB), which involves introducing a needle under ultrasound guidance to nerves situated just above the collar bone and injecting numbing agent around these nerves to make the arm go numb. However, the effectiveness of UGSCB when performed by ED doctors is unknown and patients might recover more quickly. We aim to conduct a randomised trial to compare UGSCB versus BB for re-aligning fractures/dislocations of the upper limb in the ED. We hypothesise that UGSCB provides safe and effective regional anaesthesia for the closed reduction of upper limb fractures or dislocations that is non-inferior to BB. However, UGSCB is likely to provide superior post-procedural analgesia with reduced opioid requirement and reduced ED length of stay.

This study aims to provide understanding of parenting interventions for IGD by providing such an intervention and then testing its effect using a range of measures around the child’s functioning and wellbeing pre- during- and post intervention. The current study will also provide specific data on an Australian population, and examine possible cultural differences in such interventions. In addition, given the rapid advances in technology over the last 5-10 years (smartphone capabilities, devices in schools, faster internet speeds, new video game development etc), this study would provide clarity around the efficacy of assisting parents with technical advice around managing screen and internet access. Finally, whilst physical monitoring of screen time is a common strategy for parents of younger children, it becomes untenable and combative when applied in adolescents. This study will emphasise a model of monitoring internet access as opposed to screen access, and to our knowledge this key differentiation has not been explored to date. Hypotheses: 1. That parents who are able to implement the model for 6 weeks post intervention, compared to those parents who didn’t implement the strategies, will report a decrease in child screen use and an overall increase in their child’s wellbeing as measured by reduced family conflict, improved behaviour, sleep, exercise, social engagement with peers and schoolwork. 2. That children with high levels of problematic screen-use prior to intervention will report an initial increase in family conflict followed by a steady reduction once the parent strategies are in place. Participants will be recruited online and via social media advertisements. They will target parents who are concerned about their Childs screen use and would like to be more proactive in setting boundaries.