ANZCTR search results

Peripheral vasopressors are safe and effective to use in pre-hospital and retrieval medicine with a similar risk profile to administration in Emergency departments Prospective data collection on the use of peripheral vasopressors in prehospital and retrieval medicine. Studying patients transported by Lifeflight retrieval medicine who operate across Queensland in Australia. Primary outcome is safety with secondary endpoints including monitoring and indication as well as site and type of access.

Undiagnosed or unrecognised Coeliac disease is associated with a 3-fold increased risk of autoimmune disease (such as type 1 diabetes), osteoporosis and malignancy (such as lymphoma), decreased quality of life and a 2 to 4-fold increase in mortality. Early diagnosis and treatment of Coeliac disease reduces or avoids many of these complications and reduces health care expenditure. In Australia it is estimated that Coeliac disease affects 1 in 60 females and 1 in 80 males based on serological testing. Despite this, the rate of diagnosis through routine medical care is very low, resulting in 4 out of 5 Australians with Coeliac disease remaining undiagnosed. There is currently insufficient data to support population-wide screening for Coeliac disease. As such, screening is based on active case finding of high-risk individuals, such as first-degree relatives of Coeliac disease sufferers and other high-risk populations such as those with developmental defects of enamel in the teeth. Coeliac disease is known to be associated with dental developmental defects of enamel in children. They appear as bilateral, symmetrical and chronologic white or yellow opacities with or without grooves and structural defects. It is thought to be caused by an immune mediated reaction affecting the cells that form enamel and possible nutritional disturbances. Delayed diagnosis and increased exposure to gluten is likely to result in more significant enamel defects over time. Therefore, screening for Coeliac disease in high-risk individuals with developmental defects of enamel could decrease the amount of future enamel and structural defects. This research study is a prospective exploratory study which aims to assess how many children with developmental defects of enamel have undiagnosed Coeliac disease . The study is being conducted at the Paediatric Dental Group, Wesley Medical Research (WMR) and St Andrew’s War Memorial Hospital (SAWMH) in Brisbane, Australia

There are many types of orthodontic appliances with the most common fixed appliance consists of brackets bonded onto the enamel of the teeth and wires that provide the force for tooth movement. The more recent method is with a series of customized clear appliances, called "aligners". The purpose of the study is to compare the outcomes Invisalign® System to the fixed orthodontic appliance; and especially for subjects who have moderate malocclusion (greater than 5mm of crowding in either the maxilla or the mandible). The secondary outcome measures are treatment efficiency and patient satisfaction.

The purpose of this study is to identify if AR technology is a practical approach within this clinical setting, Considering both the acceptability of this resource along with participant usability. The team is trying to identify if it is an age-appropriate tool to reduce procedural anxiety through education and self-management. The study will be done using one-on-one interviews accompanied by a short questionnaire that has been developed using the Theoretical Framework of Acceptability (TFA), the Theoretical Domains Framework (TDF) and the System Usability Scale (SUS). Currently, there are minimal resources for this cohort within the cystic fibrosis community experiencing procedural anxiety. The topic of procedural anxiety may cause emotional distress in participants. Should this be bought to the attention of the researcher through observation within the interviews or a participant coming forward, they will be offered the support systems that are in place for this study. A deductive thematic analysis of the semi-structured moderator guide responses accompanied by a comparison of mean and standard deviation from the questionnaire which will be used only for hypothesis generation, reporting and comparison of results. A narrative synthesis will be used to gather results and collate multiple forms of data allowing comparison of the different data collection methods. For the purpose of the research honours project, data will only be analysed through the TFA and the SUS. The TDF responses will be used for a separate paper associated with this study.

The overall aim of the study is to examine and compare the physiological and non-invasive haemodynamic responses during the sit-to-stand test in one-minute (1min-STST) and the six-minute walk test (6MWT) in individuals with stable heart failure with reduced ejection fraction In addition, there are several objectives that are to be examined in this study. The first objective would be to examine and compare the physiological/non-invasive haemodynamic responses during the 1min-STST with the 6MWT in HFrEF patients. The corresponding hypothesis is that the 1min-STST will generate similar physiological/non-invasive haemodynamic responses to that achieved during the 6MWT. In contrast, the null hypothesis is that 1min-STST will generate a significantly different physiological noninvasive haemodynamic responses to that achieved during the 6MWT. Objective 2: To determine the relationship between quadriceps muscle strength and lower limb lean muscle mass and the 1min-STST performance and physiological/non-invasive haemodynamic responses. Hypothesis 2: Greater lower limb muscle strength and higher skeletal muscle mass will be positively related to the 1min-STST performance and physiological/non-invasive haemodynamic responses i.e., those individuals with the greatest skeletal muscle mass and strength will perform a greater number of sit-to-stand (STS) activities in 1-minute. Null Hypothesis 2: There will be no significant relationship between lower limb muscle strength/skeletal muscle mass and the 1min-STST performance and physiological/non-invasive haemodynamic responses.

The EDGE Study will focus on measuring the impact of early childhood education on children’s learning and development when it starts earlier (at age 3 years) and is provided for 2 full years (rather than 1 year) prior to school. There is limited evidence internationally that reports on the impact of 2 years of universal early childhood education provided at scale. The Victorian initiative provides a rare chance to collect and link data longitudinally to generate insights and inform policy and practice decisions for the early childhood education sector nationally and internationally. As part of a broad package of early childhood service policy reforms the Victorian state government in Australia is introducing a staggered roll-out of universal provision of funded 3-year-old kindergarten in addition to the existing universal 4-year-old kindergarten program. This project will provide an evaluation of the impact and effectiveness of Victoria’s implementation of universal 3-year-old kindergarten and whether it has measurable benefits to children’s developmental outcomes. There are strong reasons to expect that two years of quality early childhood education prior to schooling is an effective strategy for boosting development, particularly of the most disadvantaged children. This project has the following key objectives: 1) To determine whether 2 years of kindergarten, compared to 1 year, prior to school measurably improves children’s developmental outcomes (cognitive, language, social-emotional and behavioural; at the end of the 4-year-old kindergarten program and up to Year 3 of primary school); 2) To determine the influence of 3-year-old kindergarten by exploring quality and access of programs on children’s developmental pathways and trajectories at the end of the 3- and 4-year-old kindergarten years; 3) To determine the range of 3-year-old kindergarten program design characteristics; how different learning environments influence the experiences of educators and children; and how programs and pedagogy differ for 3- and 4-year olds. We hypothesise that 2 years of universal funded kindergarten, compared to 1 year, prior to school measurably improves children’s developmental outcomes.

To determine in hypertensive subjects of 65-84 years of age whether there is any difference in total cardiovascualr events (fatal and non-fatal) over a five year treatment period between antihypertensive treatment with ACE inhibitor-based regimen and treatment with a diuretic-based regimen.

Atopic dermatitis is a common chronic disorder of the skin that occurs mostly in infants and children. In some cases, this disorder may resolve by itself, however it is common for atopic dermatitis to continue until adolescence and adulthood, where this disorder can exist together with respiratory allergies such as asthma or allergic rhinitis (hay fever). AB-101 Hydrogel contains Crude Plant Latex, which has antibacterial (destroys bacteria or stops its growth), anti-inflammatory (reduces redness, swelling and pain), and anti-pruritic (anti-itching) properties. AB-101 is designed to be used as a single treatment for atopic dermatitis, that can be applied to the skin. The purpose of this study is to gain more information on whether AB-101 Hydrogel works and is safe for the treatment of mild to moderate atopic dermatitis, with or without infection. To test this, the safety and efficacy of AB-101 will be compared to its hydrogel vehicle in participants with mild to moderate AD with or without secondary infection. It is hypothesized that AB-101 Hydrogel is superior to hydrogel vehicle alone.

This research is investigating a naturally occurring compound called N-acetyl-D-mannosamine monohydrate (ManNAc). ManNAc is a sugar (monosaccharide) which is found in humans. Once in the body, ManNAc is converted to another compound called N-acetylneuraminic acid (Neu5Ac) which plays a role in the synthesis and maintenance of muscle; specifically, it facilitates a process called ‘sialylation’. It is being studied as a supplement to treat a condition known as GNE myopathy, a rare genetic disease which is characterised by progressive skeletal muscle wasting (atrophy) caused by a lack of sialylation. In patients with GNE myopathy, this wasting and weakness of muscle affects movement and other bodily functions resulting in disability, wheelchair use and/or incapacitation. Previous studies have shown that the administration of ManNAc can replace the important compounds that patients with GNE myopathy are lacking and therefore may be useful in treating the disease. While supplementation with ManNAc is a promising treatment for patients with GNE myopathy, additional information on how this sugar-like compound is absorbed after oral ingestion is needed. Previous studies suggest that a large proportion of ManNAc remains in the gastrointestinal tract after oral administration and is unabsorbed into the blood. It is thought that this may contribute to gastrointestinal side effects. However, the true extent to which ManNAc is absorbed into the body after oral administration (known as bioavailability) is unknown. This study is therefore being conducted to compare how much ManNAc is absorbed when administered via the oral route (by mouth) compared to when given by the intravenous route (by injection). This information will provide pivotal data to guide the further development of ManNAc treatment strategies for patients with GNE myopathy.

Recent Australian research has shown that physical activity and screen time practices in Outside School Hours Care (OSHC) are varied and ad-hoc; with up to 60% of after school care sessions spent in sedentary behaviours. Recently, physical activity and screen time guidelines for OSHC were developed to help improve children’s activity patterns in this setting and standardise practice. "Activated OSHC" is a program to help implement the newly developed physical activity and screen time guidelines. "Activated OSHC" aims to increase the proportion of time provided for physical activity and reduce recreational screen time in OSHC. OSHC services from metropolitan and regional South Australia (Adelaide), New South Wales (Newcastle) and Western Australia (Perth) will be invited to participate in the study. They will be randomly allocated to either the intervention or control group. The intervention group will receive access to the "Activated OSHC" program including becoming an "Activated OSHC" How-to guide, online training materials, posters, and family communication resources. The control group will receive the same materials after 12 months. Assessments will take place at baseline (before randomisation), 3 months and 12 months. Assessments will include current physical activity and screen time scheduling and observations of staff and children’s physical activity and screen time behaviours during before and after school care sessions. In addition, there will also be surveys of OSHC service characteristics, OSHC staff characteristics, usefulness, and satisfaction of the "Activated OSHC" program and a cost-analysis.