ANZCTR search results

The OASIS project is a single-centred,randomised, prospective study of 85 children. Lung mechanics will be assessed using continuous forced oscillation technique (FOT). The aims are, in children undergoing general anaesthesia, to compare the effect on forced oscillations mechanics of: 1) two different recruitment strategies: repeated inflations vs. one sustained inflation to a high-pressure level, 2) administering them through a laryngeal mask vs a cuffed tracheal tube. We hypothesise that: (1) One sustained inflation is more effective than multiple manual breaths with high levels of inspiratory and expiratory pressure in recruiting the lung (2) Both recruitment strategies (sustained inflation or multiple manual breaths) are less effective when applied via laryngeal mask compared with an endotracheal tube. The results of this study will help paediatric anaesthetists to formulate new evidence-based guidelines and policies to optimize the ventilation strategy in children undergoing general anaesthesia. Additionally, successful implementation of continuous forced oscillation technique (FOT) measurements (assessment of respiratory mechanics) in the setting of different airway devices has the potential to change routine clinical practice by allowing anaesthetists to adapt ventilation to rapid changes in mechanics during anaesthesia which are particularly pronounced in young children.

Perinatal depression is highly prevalent (up to 20% of postnatal women experience depression meeting diagnostic criteria). The single largest barrier to treatment is the very low rate of initial identification, most cases go undetected (60% or more). Importantly, even when women are identified as depressed, only 10% receive adequate treatment. A major obstacle is that primary care professionals are generally time poor and lack simple integrated systems to assist them to not only detect depressed women, but also to make best-practice decisions about management. We have developed an electronic Clinical Decision Support System to guide health professionals (PIRIMID) to improve current practices through consistent, accurate and rapid assessment integrated with recommendations for pathways to care, based on NHMRC-endorsed Clinical Guidelines. Aim of This Study: To establish the effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of PIRIMID for identifying perinatal depression and facilitating treatment uptake compared to current practice.

The aim of this research is to develop a mobile based multidisciplinary virtual clinic based on the existing platform (MoTER) and to investigate the impact of such a clinic on health outcomes and clinical management of patients with HF. The primary hypothesis is that participants in the MoTER-HF arm will have satisfying uptake and adherence to the intervention. Patients in the MoTER-HF arm will have access to the mobile based intervention program which consists of educational materials, self-management interventions and healthcare providers' feedback for the period of three months.

This is an observational study of 42 patients comparing measurements of carbon dioxide levels in their arterial blood (standard care for critically unwell patients) with measurements of carbon dioxide taken from a transcutaneous (skin) probe. Our study will look at the level of agreement between these two measurements with the implication that if there is good agreement, a much less invasive (less painful) transcutaneous measurement may be adequate to monitor carbon dioxide levels.

Australia is facing an obesity crisis. Understanding how and when weight gain occurs is vital for effective obesity programs to be developed. There is growing international evidence that weight gain may be more likely at certain times of the year, such as over the Christmas period and in winter. This may occur because people change their activity and diet during these times. However, patterns seen in other countries might not occur in Australia due to differences in our climate (e.g. Australian winters are relatively milder and summers relatively harsher than some countries) and when festivities occur (e.g. Christmas falls in summer in Australia). This study will identify how weight, activity and diet change over the year in Australian adults. Weight and activity will be measured with Fitbit weight scales and activity trackers and diet will be measured using online surveys. Parents’ weight, activity and diet, as well as their holiday patterns, home environment and parenting style, are likely to influence their children’s weight. Parents’ holiday/vacation status, home environment and parenting style will be measured using online surveys. Data from parents will be matched with weight, activity and diet data from their child(ren) who are already enrolled an existing study called Life on Holidays.

Glomerulonephritis are an important cause of significant symptoms and end stage renal disease. There are no established registries that study these rare causes of kidney disease in a systematic fashion in Australia. This prospective project will enrol all patients with biopsy confirmed Glomerulonephritis attending renal clinics at the participating hospitals to develop a repository of patients with glomerular diseases in a systematic fashion to understand clinical outcomes better and to easily identify and recruit patients for future clinical trials. We also aim to collect biological samples with patient consent to allow testing and discovery of potential genetic markers and novel therapeutic agents. Data will be stored electronically on the servers of The George Institute for Global Health

The aim of this study is to determine the effects of the combination therapies (collectively "AD173") on sleep efficiency in patients with OSA. Recently, a combination of medications (AD036) was shown to markedly reduce OSA severity. However, there were signs that sleep quality was reduced (lower arousal threshold). We recently showed that the common sleep promotion aids improve sleep efficiency in OSA and upper airway muscle activity. Thus, the combination of AD173 has the potential to improve sleep efficiency and sleep and breathing variables compared to AD036 alone. Secondary outcomes include the effect of these combined agents on the arousal threshold and other sleep and respiratory parameters. In addition, we will measure sleepiness and next day alertness.

The Australian Benralizumab Registry (the ABR) wil collect and report on data from people with severe refractory eosinophilic asthma who receive benralizumab: o as part of the PBS subsidised benralizumab treatment cycle, and the Pharmaceutical Benefits Scheme (PBS) Section 100 Special Authority Program, or o who receive benralizumab for severe refractory eosinophilic asthma outside of the PBS restrictions. The ABR will provide a mechanism for sharing information which will help researchers and clinicians to better understand the use, efficacy, and safety associated with the treatment of severe asthma with benralizumab. All information collected from participating sites will be securely stored in the main data repository. Access to the ABR will be restricted to authorised users. The ABR will report regularly on characteristics and outcomes for this population.

Evidence from scientific studies demonstrate positive effects of ingredients Ginseng (Cereboost), Bacopa and Coffee fruit extract as isolated components, on various mechanisms that impact cognitive performance and mood. For example, Ginseng and Gingko have been shown to enhance cognitive performance after acute dosing whilst Bacopa has been shown to have effects primarily with chronic dosing. To date however, the combination of three ingredients at established dosages of effect have not been evaluated. This research seeks to conduct same day testing to understand any changes in cognitive performance and brain activation patterns using standardized cognitive tasks and a non-invasive functional near infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS), measured both before and after taking the active or placebo supplement.

There are no prospective studies which examine tolerability and efficacy of Prep Kit C compared to Moviprep bowel preparations in both the IBD and the general non-IBD populations. Often, IBD patients tolerate bowel preparation poorly compared to the general population. Furthermore knowledge about the impact of Prep Kit C and Moviprep on IBD activity is limited. Accordingly, this study aimed to compare split protocols of Prep Kit C with Moviprep in patients with and without IBD. We hypothesised that Moviprep bowel preparation would be better tolerated and result in greater efficacy than Prep Kit C. We additionally hypothesised that IBD patients overall would tolerate bowel preparation more poorly than the general population.