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Pregnancy related pelvic girdle pain (PPGP) has been reported to affect 71% of women who are pregnant and receive care at Westmead Hospital (Pierce et al. 2012). Pelvic girdle pain during pregnancy often causes a reduced ability to transfer, stand and walk and is thought to be related to non-optimal stability of the pelvic girdle (Vleeming et al. 2008). People with PPGP are often referred to physiotherapy but few clinical trials have evaluated the effectiveness of physiotherapy treatments in this disabling condition (Elden et al. 2005). The aim of this randomised cross-over repeated measures study is to determine whether there is a measurable difference in outcomes for pain and function in patients receiving therapist-assisted exercises compared to a control intervention. Ethical approval has been granted for this project at Westmead Hospital, Sydney NSW (Western Sydney Local Health District). This study will directly affect physiotherapy practice by determining the efficacy of a commonly used exercise intervention for the management of PPGP.

To properly manage type 1 diabetes, individuals are required to measure blood glucose levels (BGL's)regularly and adjust the amount of insulin to be given accordingly. This has been done by matching the amount of insulin with the amount of carbohydrate in a meal. Recent studies have shown that meals high in protein can also significantly increase the BGL. There are recommendations that additional insulin be given with meals containing high levels of protein to prevent post prandial hypergycaemia (elevated BGL's after a meal). However, at this time there is insufficient data to determine how these additional insulin doses should be calculated. A current algorithm used to calculate additional insulin based on protein content in a meal has been shown to cause unacceptable levels of hypoglycaemia. We will recruit 32 people with type 1 diabetes between the ages of 7 and 40 years diagnosed for more than 1 year, using either insulin pump therapy or multiple daily injection therapy. Participants will have a glycated haemaglobin of <8.0% and body mass index <97th centile. Exclusion criteria will be those with co-existing medical conditions. The aim of this study will be to: Define the impact of variable protein loads on post prandial BGL's up to 8 hours. The participants will be contacted daily for the first week to monitor BGL's and adjust insulin doses. A continuous glucose monitoring system (CGMS) which provides continuous measurement of BGL's will be inserted on the first day. For 6 consecutive days participants will be instructed to eat a standardised evening meal containing consistent quantities and type of carbohydrate. The participant will give a standard insulin bolus for the carbohydrate in the meal. They will then be instructed to eat a test meal (protein shake containing 30g of carbohydrate) 4 hours after the evening meal. The participant will fast over night and check the BGL in the morning prior to eating breakfast. If the participant has has a BGL <3.5 mmols/L or has symptoms of hypoglycaemia at any time they will eat 15 grams of carbohydrate as per their usual management. During the test meal study days exercise and evening food will be standardised.

To determine if there is a difference when providing information about seeking management for depression using a narrative documentary Entertainment-Education (EE) approach compared to an instructional EE approach, on older adults knowledge and motivation levels. We hypothesise that there will be a greater knowledge uptake and increased motivation levels to seek assistance for managing depression in the group who view the narrative video compared to those who view the didactic video.

The study will be undertaken within community drug and alcohol services across one local health district in New South Wales, Australia. A pre-post design will be utilised to assess the effectiveness of a 12 month intervention to increase clinician delivery of preventive care. The 12 month intervention will be implemented simultaneously across all participating community drug and alcohol services. The intervention will utilise clinical practice change strategies to increase clinician provision preventive care to clients, specifically assessment, brief advice and referral, for the health risk behaviours of smoking, inadequate fruit and vegetable consumption, harmful alcohol consumption and inadequate physical activity. Primary data collection will consist of repeated cross-sectional computer assisted telephone interviews (CATIs) undertaken with clients receiving care from eligible community drug and alcohol services. The interviews will measure client reported receipt of preventive care on a weekly basis for 24 months, commencing six months prior to the intervention implementation and continuing until six months post the intervention implementation. To supplement the client data, clinician self-reported provision of preventive care will be measured using CATIs undertaken prior to intervention implementation and immediately following implementation.

Even the most functional children with cerebral palsy (CP) who walk unassisted show limitations of high level mobility relative to their peers. Our clinical experience has been that these children articulate self identified goals around aspects of improving their high level mobility in particular running. In clinical reality these more functional children receive fewer services as they are perceived to be able to participate in aspects of recreation and activity that require higher levels of gross motor function. In daily reality, activity and participation restriction in children with CP who are ambulant exists. There are a number of barriers that may contribute to restricted participation including poor physical capacity to undertake high level mobility tasks proficiently, in particular running. Running is the cornerstone for many individual and team sports and recreational activities, and has been reported to be a significant challenge for individuals with neuromotor dysfunction. There is evidence to suggest that children with CP have lower muscle mass, decreased muscle strength and poorer fitness. Two additional factors worth exploring is whether children have learned the motor components of running and whether they have adapted to a non active lifestyle. It may be that individuals with CP avoid or discontinue membership in sports and recreational activities that require speed and agility due to deficits in running ability. Training programs that focus on teaching the components of running skill in children with CP appear to be unreported. Training the components and skill of running in CP is important for a number of reasons. Firstly, like many determinants of motor change and acquisition of skill in CP, therapy and training to achieve the skill is required. Unlike many therapeutic interventions that address the ability to walk, therapists working with CP rarely address the components in running to the same level. Secondly, running is often identified as a goal of intervention for school aged children, particularly as many school activities are focused around running such as school fun runs, lap-a-thons, daily fitness, general sport. Thirdly, although many interventions have been shown to improve muscle strength, anaerobic and aerobic capacity and even walking capacity in CP, few have demonstrated a translation of these gains into higher level mobility and increases in community participation. We propose to run a three month running skill acquisition and training programme to determine its effect on running skill acquisition, improvement in higher level skill improvements in walking and running capacity and engagement into community programmes and participation. This is important because evidence suggests that physically inactive children are more likely to become physically inactive adults and that encouraging positive physical activity habits in children helps establish patterns that continue into adulthood. The running programme will be run through The Centre for Cerebral Palsy (TCCP) at two of their metropolitan sites. In addition to the running training, a lifestyle aspect will be incorporated into the programme. The lifestyle component will focus on strategies to enable the child or young person to adopt an active lifestyle within their family and school context. This component will include cognitive based coaching and motivational interviewing to coach strategies to practice/continue with the activity related training in the daily situation. The programme will be carried out collaboratively by therapists from TCCP and PMH. The Research Coordinator Physiotherapist from PMH was instrumental in initiating the idea of developing a running skills program, researching the ABI running program model and developing the proposal about how it may be best modified to suit children with CP. In addition PMH has physiotherapists involved in exercise lifestyle models in the obesity related programmes and the eating disorders programs. These PMH therapists have the specialised skills to guide the lifestyle intervention aspect of the proposed running model. This aspect of the intervention differs to that run by Williams and other adult facilities and is grounded in the family context of working with children and young people. It was recognized the programme is best implemented in a community based setting by community providers. Physiotherapists at TCCP have extensive experience and knowledge in community based intervention programmes and working with families in the community. The collaboration of PMH with TCCP will bring together the specialist skills of each of these service providers to benefit the formulation and application of programme.

This project aims to understand the effect of high saturated fat meals differing in saturated fatty acid chain length on energy expenditure and fat metabolism. Evidence suggests that not all fats are metabolised in the same way and not necessarily equivalent in the way they behave to maintain energy balance in the body. Ingesting fats that have a propensity to increase biological energy expenditure, fat oxidation and fullness may ultimately have beneficial effects on body weight control. It is postulated that individuals will find it easier to make changes in the types of fat they eat rather than total amount of fat when aiming to control body weight, especially in adulthood when dietary preferences can already be quite ingrained.

The purpose of this study is to see if treatment with Dietzia C79793-74 in patients with Crohn's disease is safe and effective in reducing disease severity and improving quality-of-life.

The objective of this pilot study is to estimate the intrasubject variability and to compare the bioavailability of aprepitant from Aprepitant 130 mg Injection (InnoPharma, Inc.), EMEND Registered Trademark 150 mg Injection (Merck Sharp & Dohme Corp.) and EMEND Registered Trademark 125 mg Capsules (Merck Sharp & Dohme Corp.) in healthy, non-smoking male and female volunteers under fasting conditions.

Children with clinically significant intracranial injuries require rapid identification in the acute care setting in order to prevent further damage to the brain. Head CT scans can quickly identify the presence or absence of intracranial injuries, and help guide subsequent management (including neurosurgical intervention) where intracranial injuries are identified. However, head CT scans also have negative effects, particularly in children, who are more vulnerable to radiation-associated cell damage and may require sedation to allow imaging with consequent sedation-associated risks. Radiation from cranial CT scans can cause lethal malignancies later in life, with a reported cancer related mortality between 1:1000 and 1:10000 paediatric cranial CT scans, with higher risk in younger age groups. They also have resource implications for Emergency Departments and the health system as a whole. Despite this, the number of cranial CT scans performed for head injuries in children is increasing, in part due to concern amongst physicians regarding the consequences of being unable to reliably identify intracranial injury based solely on a child’s clinical condition. Clinical decision rules are a combination of clinical variables. These may include elements of the patient's history, physical examination findings, or simple tests that guide clinicians in their decision making process for optimal patient care. There are three high-quality, international clinical decision rules that have been developed to decide which children need a CT scan following a head injury and which can be safely managed without. They are very accurate in identifying children with intracranial injuries, however they are quite different in terms of applicable populations and definitions of a significant intracranial injury. In addition these three rules have not been compared in the same population to assess which is the best rule to be used in clinical practice. The primary aim of the current study is to determine the accuracy of the three major international paediatric head injury clinical decision rules when applied to a single population of consecutive children presenting to the Emergency Department with head injury in Australia and New Zealand. The hypothesis is that the simultaneous comparative application and validation of three major paediatric head injury clinical decision rules outside their derivation setting, will allow the determination of the optimal rule for use in the Australasian Emergency Department setting.

Growing research into the effects of several whey-derived proteins (cow’s milk proteins) suggests that bovine lactoferrin and immunonglobulins may have a number of health benefits for consumers including improved metabolic and immune regulation. This study aims to examine any link between bovine lactoferrin and immunoglobulin consumption and gene expression patterns which may reveal which biological pathways are involved in driving responses to these supplements.