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Having an operation is very safe for most patients and we wish to do research to improve patient care. To ensure the safe delivery of oxygen and anaesthesia gases to the child, the anaesthetist will insert a tube into the child’s mouth. Then the child’s lungs can be inflated and deflated by these gases. There are two tubes which can be used for this purpose. Both look very similar, except one has an inflatable balloon on the end. Both devices do the same thing and have been independently shown to be safe for use in children. However, a direct comparison between the two tubes is lacking in the paediatric population on how easily the lungs can be inflated. Therefore, the first aim of this study is to show if there are differences in inflating the child’s lungs. The second aim is to show there are no differences in the potential injury to the child’s throat from either tube type.

Satifactory treatment and parental support for pain relief, and nausea and vomiting. This has not been benchmarked for children undergoing surgery for fractures of the lower arm detal trauma, nail bed injury, face cuts and appendicectomy within our hospital. We are undertaking a telephone survey of parents and children who have had the above procedures to improve our service and patient care.

This study focuses on patients who were diagnosed positive or had a recurrence for TCC over the past 5 years and who are undergoing a schedule of investigative cystoscopies and treatment for the possible (further) recurrence of urinary tract transitional cell cancer. Eligible consenting patients will provide a freshly voided mid-stream urine sample prior to cystoscopy (as per normal clinical practice). Part of this sample will be used for local cytology and other analysis as deemed clinically appropriate. The remainder will be used for dipstick analysis of specific gravity, presence of red and white blood cells and infection. Aliquots will be taken for uRNA-2, NMP22 BladerChek, NMP22 ELISA and urine cytology. This is a non interventional study. No deviation from patient care is undertaken. Results of the study tests are not communicated to the clinician and are therefore have no effect on patient treatment.

The aim is to undertake a pilot study to examine the acceptability, side effects and continuation rates of immediate post partum insertion of intrauterine devices and implants in women desiring long term but reversible contraception.

Patients who are in intensive care may need to have their breathing assisted by a ventilator. Although all care is taken,pneumonia develops in 12% of patients on ventilators. This is because tubes connecting patients to the ventilator impair the lungs normal defenses against infection and causes inflammation in the airways. Inhaled heparin may assist to reduce this risk. Heparin has been used in patients with airway burns and has shown to decrease the inlammation and promote healing. This study will attempt to determine if giving inhaled heparin to patients needing mechanical ventilation will reduce their chances of developing pneumonial

Hypothesis Optic nerve sheath (ONS) diameter increases with raised intracerebral pressure in patients with traumatic brain injury (1) and subarachnoid haemmorhage (2) and this is detectable in intensive care patients by a rapid ultrasound examination of the eye.

Diabetic foot ulcers are a common consequence of diabetes, which occur as a result of the vascular and neurological complications associated with the disease, as well as opportunistic infections and inadequate wound healing. The most recent prevalence estimates suggest that between 4 and 10% of individuals with diabetes have foot ulcers. Recent clinical research has focussed on the dietary conditionally essential amino acid arginine and its role in wound healing. Published research has shown that it offers a benefit in the healing of pressure ulcers (also known as bed sores). Little in the way of human studies using clinically relevant models examining the effect of arginine supplementation on diabetic foot ulcers have been conducted. If the same rate of diabetic foot ulcer healing can be achieved with arginine supplementation as seen with pressure ulcers, then this would have important management implications in treating this condition. This project aims to assess by means of a randomised-controlled trial, the healing rate of diabetic foot ulcers in patients with diabetes attending a hospital outpatient clinic who are consuming an arginine-containing nutritional supplement versus patients who are only receiving standard nutritional care.

The aim of this study is to develop a Cognitive-Behavioural Therapy, web-based intervention for depression for employed people, and then apply it to a group of employed participants to determine whether this assists with recovery from depression and increase work productivity. It is expected that participants will show improvement in depressive symptoms and increased work productivity from pre- to post-treatment intervention.

Chronic suppurative lung diseases in children are major causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide, particularly in disadvantaged populations. Repeated infections in childhood contribute to poor lung health in adulthood. The most common organism associated with infection is non-typeable Haemophilus influenzae (NTHi). This study aims to determine whether a vaccine against NTHi (10v-PHiD) can reduce repeated respiratory infections in children. We will be comparing the number of respiratory exacerbations in the 12 months following vaccinated between children with chronic lung disease vaccinated with 10vPHiD and children who received a meningococcal vaccine (control vaccine).

This is a 6 week randomised controlled factorial study to evaluate the effects of yoghurt and its probiotics on risk of metabolic syndrome, quality of life, gastrointestinal health and bone metabolism.