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The purpose of this study is determine which wavelength (red or infrared) LLLT is more effective for the management of nipple trauma. We also aim to determine stakeholder’s acceptability of the use of LLLT as an adjunctive treatment modality for nipple trauma. Current guidelines recommend infants to be exclusively breastfed in the first 6 months of life to optimise their growth and development and minimise their risk of illnesses. Although most women are physiologically capable of breastfeeding, only 37% of infants worldwide are exclusively breastfeed for the first 6 months of life with nipple trauma being the second leading cause of early breastfeeding cessation. Current research supports that warm water compresses, menthol and breastfeeding correction are effective treatments modalities for nipple pain. However, future studies regarding other interventions, including LLLT, are currently limited and require more robust studies to draw firm conclusions. LLLT has been used to accelerate wound healing since its introduction in the 1960s. Although the exact mechanism of LLLT is not entirely understood, it is a phototherapy which has been shown to reduce pain and swelling and promote wound healing through cellular mechanisms. Typically, shorter wavelengths have more superficial penetration, where as longer wavelengths having more deeper penetration. Both red LLLT (660nm) and infrared LLLT (9040nm) have been studied, demonstrating promising effects on reducing nipple pain. However, no study has compared which wavelength is most effective in treating nipple trauma. The current Mater Mothers work guideline is centred around midwife’s and/or lactation consultants correcting latching and breastfeeding positioning. LLLT would be an adjunctive to current standard care provided at the Mater. The results of this study will be utilised to guide the Mater Mothers work place guidelines for nipple trauma and nationwide.

The only dietary therapy to treat Crohn's disease (CD) is exclusive enteral nutrition (EEN), which has shown to heal the gut in a proportion of patients. EEN is a treatment that involves removing all food and replacing it with a nutritionally-complete liquid formula, usually for a six-week period. This observation shows that there is something in diet that is involved in driving or alleviating inflammation in CD. The exact way in which EEN works is unknown, so we cannot design a diet that may be used in place of EEN. One hypothesis that fits the observation of EEN treating CD is that certain dietary emulsifiers, often not found in enteral formulas, contribute to gut inflammation. Emulsifiers are commonly found in natural and manufactured foods and help to keep food stable by preventing the separation of water and oil. Animal and laboratory-based studies have shown that certain emulsifiers cause a leaky gut (i.e., they break down the intestinal barrier) and cause inflammation. This has never been investigated in humans. This proposal aims to address the main research question: Are dietary emulsifiers associated with breakdown of the intestinal barrier and inflammation? Research is underway to design low and high emulsifier diets for application in trials, including compilation of a database of manufactured foods. Based on the designed diets, we plan to conduct the first human dietary trial to examine the effects of a low emulsifier diet compared with a high emulsifier diet on highly sensitive markers of intestinal barrier function and inflammation in healthy subjects. All food will be provided to subjects in a cross-over design (i.e., subjects have both diets). At the end of each diet period, subjects will give blood, urine and faecal samples, which will be analysed for subtle markers of barrier function and inflammation that have already been established to represent a leaky gut in healthy people. This includes analysis bacterial translocation (passage of bacteria from gut to other parts of the body). Based on the outcomes of this trial, to determine duration and level of emulsifiers, a second trial providing low emulsifier or a safe comparator diet in patients with CD will be conducted.

The current project builds on preliminary work conducted by our multidisciplinary team in conjunction with our community partner, the Paraplegic and Quadriplegic Association of South Australia (PQSA). This pilot work involved developing a written information resource, titled 'Work and SCI', for job-seekers with a traumatic spinal cord injury or spinal disorder (SCI/D). Co-created by a multi-disciplinary team including psychology, social work, occupational therapy, nursing and medicine, this purposely designed 6 module resource covers essential job-search and career planning skills (e.g. job interviewing, job maintenance, career development). Our preliminary findings indicated that 'Work and SCI' has significant potential benefits as an educational resource, but that more needs to be done in order to translate these benefits into behavioural changes (i.e. successful employment outcomes). One critical way to improve engagement is to supplement this self-directed learning with personalised vocational guidance and job coaching. In response to this need, PQSA, the peak community body for South Australians living with SCI/D, has developed an outreach allied health service. They are extending this service to include vocational counselling targeted to the needs of their members. PQSA has approached the School of Psychology at the University of Adelaide to assist with the setup and preliminary evaluation of this service.

This study is aiming to assess the difference in coverage between moisturisers with SPF 15+ or SPF 50+ content. Who is it for? You may be eligible for this study if you are aged 18 years of age or older, and work mostly indoors. Participants are excluded if they are allergic to sunscreen. Study details Participants will be randomised to apply SPF 15+ moisturiser to either the left or right side of their face. Participants apply SPF 50+ to the other side of the face. Participants' face will be imaged with a UV camera. Participants will be asked about their satisfaction with products in an in-person interview. It is hoped this research will help to asses the difference in coverage between lotions with high and low SPF content.

This study is aiming to investigate whether UV indicating bands are acceptable to users and encourages sun protection. Who is it for? You may be eligible for this study if you are aged 15-18 years old and are attending the Schoolies event on the Gold Coast November, 2019. Study details All participants will complete a baseline survey and use their UV band. Throughout the 1-week Schoolies period, participants will use the UV band at their discretion. After 1-week participants will partake in a 15 minute online survey about their experience using the UV band, any sunburn experienced and sun exposure behaviours during the event. It is hoped this research will show participants are satisfied with UV bands and it improves sun protection strategies and reduces sunburn incidence.

This study is aiming to validate UV cameras as a tool to measure sunscreen thickness and adequate sunscreen application. Who is it for? You may be eligible for this study if you are aged 18 years of age or older, and work mostly indoors. Participants are excluded if they are allergic to sunscreen. Study details Participants will be asked to have a photo of their face and each arm taken using a UV camera after having sunscreen applied to their face and arms by the study researchers. The researchers will supply the sunscreen. It is hoped this research will help to validate the use of UV cameras to assess sunscreen coverage.

The purpose of this study to test cryotherapy (cold therapy) for preventing chemotherapy induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN) in patients receiving taxane chemotherapy for treatment of cancer. Who is it for? You may be eligible for this study if you are aged 18 or over and are receiving taxane therapy for breast or gynaecological cancer Study details All participants in this study will continue receiving their chemotherapy as per the standard protocol. Two groups will be formed by random chance. One group will receive cryotherapy delivered by Ice Replacement pads (IRP) wrapped around both hands and feet. These pads will be changed every 30 minutes from 15 minutes before chemotherapy until 15 minutes after chemotherapy. The other group will have their chemotherapy without any cryotherapy. All participants will answer questionnaires about their quality of life and any side-effects at the beginning of the study, at the end of chemotherapy and 6 months after completion of chemotherapy. It is hoped this research will improve patient quality of life by demonstrating cryotherapy helps reduce CIPN, which is a potentially debilitating side effect of chemotherapy.

Elevated fasting plasma insulin and triglyceride levels are known to increase the risk for cardiovascular disease (CVD) and type 2 diabetes. Although the measure of fasting plasma triglyceride and insulin levels may represent a cumulative effect of the dietary habits and disease, it does not allow the understanding of the contribution of individual foods/meals to CVD risk. Therefore, the development of a postprandial measure that includes both triglycerides and insulin is warranted to understand the effect of food/meals on the development of chronic diseases. A standardised meal is used as a comparator for three isocaloric test meals of varying macronutrient composition.

Recent research has revealed concerning rates of anxiety, depression, sleep disorders and other mental health issues among university students. For these students, successful engagement in student life and learning activities can be significantly disrupted by fluctuations in thinking, concentration and mood, leading to low academic performance and difficulties in building social connections with their peers. Furthermore, chronic stress can lead to the disturbances in immune, neuroendocrine and neurotrophin systems. Walnuts contain several neuro-protective compounds like vitamin E, folate, melatonin, antioxidants and omega-3 fatty acids and some studies have shown their beneficial effects on mental health in humans. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to investigate whether daily walnut consumption can lower stress related biomarkers and improve mental health and general well-being in university students. We hypothesize that daily consumption of walnuts by university students may relieve stress-related mood disturbances and improve their general well-being during stressful periods of study. This will be the first study to investigate the effects of walnuts on mental health and biochemical markers in young adults attending university. If walnuts have a positive effect, they could be recommended as a nutritional healthy supplement to alleviate stress related mood disturbances and improve quality of life in young adults attending university. Participants will be randomly divided into two groups. One group will be required to consume 56g of walnuts per day for 16 weeks and the other group will be asked to maintain a nut-free diet during the same period. Changes in mood, sleeping habits, quality of life, and psychological well-being will be clinically assessed in each participant at baseline, during examination preparation and after examinations (overall, 3 assessments). All participants will also be asked to provide small blood and saliva samples, which will be used to measure changes in stress biomarkers over the 16-week period.

This study will aim to measure the incidence of urethral strictures that develop after external beam radiotherapy for prostate cancer. Who is it for? You may be eligible for this study if you are an adult with prostate cancer who is undergoing radiotherapy treatment at Icon Cancer Centre Toowoomba QLD, Australia. Study details All participants will need to do is attend an assessment session 6 weeks following the end of radiation therapy treatment and then every 6 months for 5 years. This assessment will involve surveys and a urine flow test that is performed in the clinic. This flow test involves urinating into a flow meter to measure urine flow. It is non-invasive and only takes five to ten minutes to complete. It is hoped that the results from this study will help guide future radiotherapy treatment regimes and aid in the early detection of urethral strictures post-radiotherapy. Thus, leading to a reduction in invasive procedures and decreased overall morbidity. It will also fill the gap in the literature as there are currently no prospective trials on this topic.