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Early Childhood Caries (ECC) causes profound suffering, frequently requiring expensive treatment under a general anaesthetic. It is associated with other chronic childhood conditions such as otitis media and nutritional disorders, and is the strongest predictor of poor oral health in adulthood. Despite ECC being entirely preventable, marked ECC disparities exist between Indigenous and non-Indigenous children in Australia. If the burden of ECC and associated oral health inequalities experienced by Indigenous children are to be reduced, more needs to be done to ensure that appropriate preventive measures, together with support for maintaining optimal oral health, are provided to carers of such children in the early life stages. This will be an interventional study, with all participants receiving the intervention benefits. The intervention will be implemented from birth and continue for the first three years of a participating child’s life. It will involve four components; dental care provided to mother during pregnancy, application of topical fluoride to the teeth of children, anticipatory guidance and motivational interviewing. Developing a culturally-appropriate ECC intervention that aims to improve child oral health will provide much needed evidence for policy makers to address the challenge of improved oral health and related outcomes for Indigenous children.

This study looks at the safety and tolerability of the drug lenalidomide in combination with 5-azacitidine when used as maintenance therapy for patients with Acute Myeloid Leukaemia (AML) who are in complete remission. Who is it for? You can join this study if you are an Acute Myeloid Leukaemia (AML) patient who is in complete remission (CR), or complete remission with incomplete count recovery (CRi). Trial details Participants will be split into one of 7 cohorts (treatment groups) for this trial, with each cohort receiving varying doses of subcutaneous injections of Azacitidine on days 1-5, followed by oral tablets of Lenalidomide from days 5-25 of each treatment cycle. Participants will be assessed at regular intervals to determine their response to treatment. The aim of this study is to determine the safety and tolerability of these combination doses.

The majority of older people living in retirement villages are at risk of medication misadventure. In our recent survey of about 2,000 retirement village residents in Victoria, two-thirds had at least one medication-related risk factor, and hence were eligible to receive a pharmacist-conducted Home Medicines Review (HMR), a government-subsidised health service recommended annually for people who are at risk of medication misadventure. However, the uptake of HMR in this group has been very low (6%). The proposed project aims to develop, implement and evaluate a multi-component intervention (based on stakeholder recommendations) for increasing HMR uptake among RV residents. The study will involve 150 to 200 retirement village residents who will be randomly allocated to one of the two groups depending on the retirement village they live in; half will receive the intervention and the others will receive usual care. The intervention comprises educating residents regarding their medication risk and benefits of HMR, and notifying residents’ general practitioners of residents’ risk of medication misadventure using a risk assessment form/checklist. Participants will be followed up by phone and questionnaire at three and six months from baseline to assess if they have had received a HMR. This information will be further confirmed with participants’ health professionals.

Fentanyl is a strong analgesic (painkiller) with similar effects to morphine. Recently a fentanyl wafer has been developed that dissolves quickly when placed under the tongue. This has advantages of quick absorption, rapid onset of action and would be suitable for patients who cannot swallow tablets, or are phobic to needles. The present study compares the pharmacokinetics and bioavailability of the sublingual wafer fetanyl formulation with the currently registered IV forumulation.

The GLAMA and BLAST project aims to assess the effect of a Year 10 peer leadership program on self efficacy, school connectedness and physical activity during Year 7 transition into Secondary School.

This study will evaluate the safety and efficacy of a chemotherapy treatment regime for the treatment of persistent gestational trophoblastic disease (GTD). Who is it for? You may be eligible to join this study if you are a female aged 18-45 years and have been diagnosed with persistent gestational trophoblastic disease. Trial details Participants in this trial will undergo a standard 14 day methotrexate chemotherapy cycle. In addition they will also take gefitinib tablets. The first 3 participants will take gefitinib on day 1 of chemotherapy only. If this is well tolerated, the next 3 participants will take gefitinib on days 1, 2 and 3 of chemotherapy, and the last 6 participants will take it on days 1-7. Gefitinib is a drug which is already used in the treatment of lung cancer, but has never previously been used to treat GTD. Participants will be accessed regularly during treatment to evaluate the efficacy, safety and tolerability of treatment.

To determine the effictiveness of forearm strengthening exercises in controlling pain and improving function in painful osteoarthritis of the small joints of the hand

The aim of the study is to determine the effect of head posture on the collapsibility of the airway during aesthesia and sleep in subjects with and without obstructive sleep apnoea. It is hypothesized that the airway will be more collapsible in the flexed (chin tucked) position than in the neutral or extended position during sleep and anaesthesia.

The purpose of this research is to examine how different fish oil (omega-3 fatty acids) concentrates can influence platelet activity and improve platelet function in males and females. There is evidence in the published literature that response to fish oil supplementation is influenced by a gender-specific manner. Moreover, fish oil supplements contain different concentration ratios of the active ingredients, EPA and DHA. This research project will determine how gender influences fish oil supplementation so that males and females can receive maximum benefit against cardiovascular disease risk.

We propose to undertake a prospective clinical trial assessing qualities of the short stem cementless femoral prosthesis Nanos by Smith & Nephew Pty Ltd. We will undertake a 10 year follow up, which will consist of bone mineral density (“DEXA”) scanning, Roentgenstereometric Analysis (“RSA”), conventional radiographs and functional assessment. Functional analysis will be undertaken by using EuroQuol Group 5-Dimension Self-Report Questionnaire (“EQ5D”) and the Oxford hip score (“OHS”). Follow up time points will include the preoperative visit, the inpatient stay, 6 weeks, 3 months, 12 months and 2 years, 5 years and 10 years post surgery reviews.